Introduction to Routing and Switching Essay

1. Introduction figurer cyberspaceA computer engagement is a setup which comprises of quadruplex computers and devices to create connection in put up to support the communicating of completely such devices. This facilitates sharing of reading and re writers to all the hirers present in the network. The interest be the main purposes that the network provides to its users Communication- networks allow free flow of communication among all the users. These include chat, hearts, emails, conferences, etc. Sharing of Resources Resources brush aside be overlap among all the users in spite of appearance a network. These includeo Hardw ar The un standardised computers in a network can also make use of a single hardware attached to the network. Consider the example of a shared printer attached to six-fold devices in the network like in case of a university or office environment.o Software- profit also allows users to share software application programs through their computerso Files and other info Files and information can be shared among systems in a network environment through authorized adit. This helps members to work and submit tasks on the same domain and within deadlines, thus saving from hassles.2. The Open Systems interconnection OSI ModelThe hardware comp wholenessnts of the network operate at the molds of the OSI model which are briefly discussed belowPhysical levelThis is concerned with the functions that carry a stream of bits over a physical medium at the automatic and electrical level. Hubs and Repeaters operate at the physical layer of the OSI model.Data get together LayerThis layer categorizes data from network layer (upper layer) into frames and handles errors of the physical layer to provide to the network layer. The Bridges operate at the Data intimacy layer of the OSI Model.Network LayerThe delivery of the packet is the responsibility of the network layer which can include multiple links. Network layer can be used in cases of multiple networks where there are almost links between the networks. Routers operate at the Network layer of the OSI model. behave LayerThe transport layer is also responsible for delivery of packets exclusively it also recognizes relationship between messages. This is done in proper order and the layer also ensures control of error and flow at the source as well as the ending.Session LayerThis layer controls duologue and synchronizes interaction within the network.Presentation LayerThis layer is also one of the most important layers as it is looks into the syntax and semantics of the data being transferred within the network.Application LayerThis layer involves interfaces and other supporting frames for the user to access the network.3. Hardware Components within a NetworkThe following re the elementary hardware components within a network to interconnect devices (Sosinsky 33)3.1 Network interface Cards (NICs)These are the components used to connect to another networking medium. The NIC has a comical identification number known as Media Access Control cover up (MAC address) that is provided by the manufacturer.3.2 RepeatersRepeater is a device used to transmit signals aft(prenominal) cleaning them by regenerating the original bit pattern.3.3 HubsHub connects multiple devices in the network so that they appear as a single device, therefore, it has multiple ports.3.4 BridgesThese are also hardware components that connect multiple segments of the network.4. Network Hardware Components Routers and SwitchesRouters and switches are important components of the computer network that support the in a higher place mentioned purpose of a network. These are discussed in details as to a lower place4.1 RoutersRouter is a software or device that helps in transmitting data between users in a predefined manner, thus helping in religious service the purpose of the network. The data is in the form of packets that travels along the network, where the routers fu lfill the data present in the packet. In many cases there is a pre-defined promotional material or routing table used to direct the information to the appropriate destination (Beasley 62).The main tasks of the routers include Ensures information forwarding to the required destination Keeps baseball swing and avoids information from reaching where not needed4.1.1 CharacteristicsThe following are the characteristics of Routers The routers be to internet Protocols such as the internet Protocol, internet Control message Protocol, etc. Provides interfaces between the packet networks through the required functions Sends and receives datagrams Chooses destination for the datagram gibe to the routing database Provides support facilities for network management which includes status and exception reporting, debugging, etc.4.1.2 RoutingRouting is the process of sharing information by connecting networks and translating protocols between them. It functions at the network layer of the OSI mo del, acquiring addresses from the IP header of the layer to get the sources and destination. Here the Routing Protocols are used.Routers also use the routing tables to decide the destination of the packets. The routing tables include Address information Connection Priorities Traffic RulesRouting differs in its delivery schemes which include the following preservation to a single node (unicast) where the node is predefined. Delivery to multiple qualify nodes (multicast) Delivery to all the nodes that are part of the network (Broadcast)